Introduction The successful development and integration of technologies such as Internet of Things and telematics is enabling end-users to interact among them for offering better product and services to ensure comfortable and safe drive. With consumer needs, th...

Radio frequency duplexer is a semiconductor device that allows the concurrent reception and transmission of radio frequency signals on the similar path, with negligible collaboration between the signals and without disturbing their excellence quality. These duplexers are used in several electronic...

Introduction Psoriasis is a long-lasting disease which forms patches at skin surface. It involves rapid development of cells which produce silver scales, thick, and make the skin, flaky, red, dry and itchy. Various types of psoriasis are guttate, vulgaris, pust...

Introduction Pretreatment coatings find widespread applications in zinc-aluminum alloys, aluminum, and metals. It forms a vital precursor phase for powder coatings and proposal excellent advent along with enhanced shelf life to metal surface. The major opportun...

Introduction Plastic industry is fastest developing industrialized sector and demand of plastics has grown exponentially as a effect of improved penetration of market in industries such as aerospace, agriculture, packaging, consumer goods, healthcare, automotiv...

Introduction Polymer derived ceramics is a transformation technique for the preparation of ceramic matrix composites, fibers, bulk materials, coatings, and other materials. The polymer to ceramic conversion process permitted substantial technological advances i...

Introduction Pneumatics is a division of engineering that uses pressurized air or gas. Pneumatic components are modules that uses source of compacted air to power mobile parts. Pneumatic components use compacted air to control and transmit energy. Pneumatic sys...

Introduction Photochromic lenses alter their color when exposed to daylight. These lenses were introduced in 1960s and were manufactured industrially from silver. However, with developments in machinery, the materials such as plastic or polycarbonate were used ...

Introduction Phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs) are the first economical fuel cells appropriate for stationary applications. PAFCs catalyst is formed by using platinum and uses liquefied phosphoric acid as electrolyte. These fuel cells are 40% to 50% effective and...

Introduction Phosphorescence is a process where energy from the sun is absorbed with the help of material and released slowly in the form of light over a long time. Color is often a query of an individual perception and taste, and this constraint is fashion bas...

Introduction Phenylacetic acid is an active auxin which is a sort of plant hormone and found chiefly in fruits. Phenylacetic acid is also known as β-phenylacetic acid, alpha tolylic acid, benzene acetic acid, α-toluic acid and 2-phenylacetic acid. Ph...

Introduction Food extrusion is a form of eviction used in food processing. It is a method by which a set of mixed components are enforced through an opening in a punched plate or die with a project specific to the food, and is then expurgated to a definite size...

Introduction Perlite is amorphous volcanic crystal. Owing to its high water content, it enlarges from 2 to 20 times from its original size in high temperatures. Therefore, it converts into light gray to white after heating. These features of perlite set it as v...

Introduction Perfluorosulfonic acid is inorganic compound and it is one of the sturdiest acids commercially accessible. Commercially available samples of perfluorosulfonic acid are yellow in color however perfluorosulfonic acid is colorless liquid compound. It ...

Introduction Ostomy is a surgically made opening known as stoma in the body for the discharge of waste items, for example, stools, bodily fluid, urine and mucus. Ostomy is useful in the treatment of bladder and intestinal maladies. An ostomy can be a permanent ...

Introduction Oriented strand board (OSB) is engineered wood operational panel that is steadily achieving popularity. It is a sheet constituent in which moderately long constituents of wood are fused together with artificial resin bonding agent. OSB differs in c...

Introduction Optical imaging is the technology for taking images of the interior body parts sensitively. Photons and visible lights are used to take the comprehensive images of tissue and internal organs. It also takes images of minor structures like molecules ...

Introduction Surfactants are surface-active molecules that are used extensively to lessen the surface tension of every liquid. The broadly used surfactant, generally known for its cleaning property is known as detergent. Surfactants are categorized as amphoteri...

Introduction Nitrile rubber, also known as perbunan, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, Buna-N, and NBR, is a synthetic rubber polymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile (ACN). Nitrile rubber is one of the multipurpose synthetic rubbers that are extremely consumed in end...

Introduction Nisin is prepared by fermentation of a food grade bacterium “Lactococcus lactis”. It is a polycyclic antibacterial peptide and commercially finds its application as a food preservative. It is a natural food preser...